Course Information
SemesterCourse Unit CodeCourse Unit TitleT+P+LCreditNumber of ECTS CreditsLast Updated Date
3HUK 201Law of Obligations General Provisions I4+0+04402.11.2026
Course Details
Language of Instruction Turkish
Level of Course Unit Bachelor's Degree
Department / Program Law
Type of Program Formal Education
Type of Course Unit Compulsory
Course Delivery Method Face To Face
Objectives of the Course The aim of this course is to convey the general provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations numbered 6098 to the students, to provide theoretical background on the origin, provisions, types and termination of debt relationship; to analyze the basic legal rules such as tort, gratuitous enrichment, freedom of contract, will disorders and perfect liability in the light of current judicial case law and scientific discussions in doctrine, to provide analytical problem solving skills and to apply them to concrete legal disputes.
Course Content This course covers the fundamental principles of the law of obligations, its sources, the concepts of debt and debt relationship, and the principles of liability. After examining the establishment of contracts, validity conditions, form elements and general transaction conditions; violations of will and representation provisions are considered. In addition, liability arising from tort (defective and perfect cases of liability) and gratuitous enrichment institutions are processed with a holistic approach accompanied by current judicial decisions and practical dispute resolution (analysis and implementation).
Course Methods and Techniques The course is conducted through lectures, Q&A sessions, analysis of sample contracts, and practical case studies. Students identify the offers and acceptances in sample contract texts, assess whether a contract has been formed, and review the general terms and conditions in light of the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations. In practical exercises, they identify the parties’ claims and the legal grounds for those claims, and justify the conclusions they reach in light of relevant statutory provisions, current Supreme Court decisions, and scholarly opinions.
Prerequisites and co-requisities None
Course Coordinator None
Name of Lecturers Prof.Dr. Murat AYDOĞDU
Assistants Research Assist. Cahit Baybars Kayhan
Work Placement(s) No

Recommended or Required Reading
Resources Aydoğdu, Murat/ Nart, Serdar ; Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler Şemalar ile Açıklamalı, 2. Baskı, Adalet Yayınları, 2024.
Prof. Dr. Fikret Eren; Borçlar Hukuku Genel Hükümler, 30. Baskı, Legem Yayıncılık, 2025.
Course Notes The course notes follow the general provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. The notes cover the distinction between a debt and a debt relationship, the sources of debt, types of performance, the principle of proportionality, and exceptions to this principle. Topics related to contracts include the formation of a contract through offer and acceptance, the limits of contractual freedom, validity and form requirements, the interpretation of contracts, and the review of general terms and conditions. Fraudulent conveyance, defects of consent (mistake, fraud, and duress), authority to represent, and unauthorized representation are also examined. Torts and unjust enrichment are addressed within the framework of the sources of debt. When examining types of liability, emphasis is placed on the distinction between liability based on fault and strict liability.

Course Category
Social Sciences %100
Field %100

Planned Learning Activities and Teaching Methods
Activities are given in detail in the section of "Assessment Methods and Criteria" and "Workload Calculation"

Assessment Methods and Criteria
In-Term Studies Quantity Percentage
Mid-terms 1 % 40
Final examination 1 % 60
Total
2
% 100

 
ECTS Allocated Based on Student Workload
Activities Quantity Duration Total Work Load
Course Duration 14 4 56
Hours for off-the-c.r.stud 14 4 56
Mid-terms 1 2 2
Final examination 1 2 2
Total Work Load   Number of ECTS Credits 4 116

 
Course Learning Outcomes: Upon the successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
NoLearning Outcomes
1 To be able to define and explain the basic principles, concepts and institutions of the law of obligations (contract, tort, gratuitous enrichment, perfect responsibility) at a theoretical level.
2 To be able to solve legal disputes related to legal transactions, will disorders, representation relations and compensation liability by analyzing them based on current judicial case law and concrete events.
3 To determine the legal validity of contracts by examining the legal rules governing their formation, conditions of validity, and formal requirements through specific hypothetical texts and general terms and conditions
4 In disputes regarding liability arising from contracts, torts, or unjust enrichment, to evaluate the parties’ claims and the extent of their fault from a critical perspective in light of current Supreme Court case law and scholarly debates in legal doctrine.

 
Weekly Detailed Course Contents
WeekTopicsStudy MaterialsMaterials
1 The Subject Matter, Sources, and Basic Conceptual Framework of the Law of Obligations
2 Concepts of Debt and Debt Relationships, Types of Obligations, and Principles of Liability
3 Fundamental Principles Governing the Law of Obligations and Exceptions to the Principle of Relativity
4 The Concept of a Legal Transaction, the Formation of a Contract, and the Offer and Acceptance Processes
5 Conditions for the Validity of a Contract and the Limits of Contractual Freedom
6 The Formality Requirement in Contracts, the Consequences of Non-Compliance with Formality, and the Interpretation of Contracts
7 Practical Exercises
8 MidTerm
9 Definition, Scope, and Legal Oversight Mechanisms of General Terms and Conditions,
10 Discrepancies Between Intent and the Expression of Intent: The Doctrine of Fraudulent Conveyance and Its Consequences.
11 Cases of Impairment of Consent: Mistake, Fraud, Coercion, and Rescission of a Contract; Statutes of Limitations
12 The concept of representation, its types and elements, and the scope of the authority to represent
13 Limitations on the Authority to Represent, Consequences of Representation, Termination of Representation, and Unauthorized Representation
14 The concept and types of liability, principles and causes of liability, and the classification of legal liability
15 Practical Exercises

 
Contribution of Learning Outcomes to Programme Outcomes
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10
All 5 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 3
C1 4 5 5 4 3 3 3 4 3 3
C2 5 4 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 3
C3 3 5 4 4 4 5 3 3 5 4
C4 4 5 4 3 4 5 3 3 5 4

  Contribution: 1: Very Slight 2:Slight 3:Moderate 4:Significant 5:Very Significant